With increasing cannabis legalization, efficient production methods are crucial due to economic and resource challenges. This research evaluated the effects of light, CO₂, and IBA (rooting hormone) on various cannabis production stages—flowering, vegetative, and rooting.

Chapter 1 assessed static LED lighting combined with greenhouse sunlight, revealing that increasing LED light levels from 150 to 700 µmol m^–² s^–¹ resulted in a 2.8-fold increase in shoot biomass and a 1.6-fold improvement in water use efficiency (WUE). Chapter 2 analyzed the effects of static and dynamic lighting on flower yield, showing a 37% reduction in evapotranspiration per gram of flower and a 4.1-fold increase in flower yield with a 4.6-fold increase in supplemental lighting. Additionally, dynamic treatments produced up to 10.4% more flowers and 24.8% higher WUE than static treatments. Chapter 3 summarized the impacts of CO₂, IBA, and light intensity on rooting during clonal propagation, demonstrating increases in root mass of 20% with CO₂ enrichment, 2.6 times with 4500 ppm of IBA, and 3.6 times from 51to 200 µmol m^–² s^–¹ of light. Overall, optimal conditions significantly enhance cannabis production and efficiency.