{"id":81159,"date":"2026-03-11T17:25:53","date_gmt":"2026-03-11T21:25:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/?p=81159"},"modified":"2026-04-18T15:03:23","modified_gmt":"2026-04-18T19:03:23","slug":"not-your-average-greenhouse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/news\/not-your-average-greenhouse\/","title":{"rendered":"Not Your Average Greenhouse"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n<p>It takes a minute for the eyes to adjust as Joe Chiera and Mike Beddoe badge through the greenhouse doors at NC&#160;State University\u2019s Plant Sciences Building.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s so bright that at the entrance is a box of sunglasses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhen the sun is shining on the white floor it\u2019s a bit like being snow blind,\u201d Beddoe says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The 24-foot-tall glass and steel behemoth that sits atop the Centennial Campus building might look like an ordinary greenhouse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"599\" src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/plant-sciences-building-dedication-aerial-1_52000957538_o-1024x599.jpg\" alt=\"The five-story Plant Sciences Building features a 10,000-square-foot greenhouse on top.\" class=\"wp-image-81161\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/plant-sciences-building-dedication-aerial-1_52000957538_o-1024x599.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/plant-sciences-building-dedication-aerial-1_52000957538_o-300x176.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/plant-sciences-building-dedication-aerial-1_52000957538_o-768x450.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/plant-sciences-building-dedication-aerial-1_52000957538_o.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The 10,000-square-foot Plant Sciences Building controlled environment lab features 11 greenhouse bays (top left) providing fully conditioned, under-glass growth environments for research.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>But inside the computer-controlled facility, researchers work year-round to tackle some of the biggest challenges farmers face from diseases, pests and extreme weather.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Plants for dozens of ever-changing research projects are grown here at any given time, all with different needs, requirements, growing times, and Chiera and Beddoe are responsible for overseeing them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe serve the entire campus,\u201d Chiera says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Growing Innovation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"From Lab to Greenhouse to Field: The First-Ever Multiplex Field Trial of CRISPR-Edited Trees\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/1aL9IVvko8k?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1&#038;origin=https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Jack Wang, of NC&#160;State\u2019s College of Natural Resources, describes the role the state-of-the-art greenhouse played in advancing research into more productive, sustainable and resilient CRISPR genome-edited trees. Positive results from the greenhouse led Wang to launch the first multiplex field trial of CRISPR-edited trees.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Researchers in one room tend to rows of blue-green saplings. They\u2019re eucalyptus, the most widely planted hardwood pulp trees worldwide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By editing specific eucalyptus genes, NC&#160;State researchers like forestry professor<a href=\"https:\/\/cnr.ncsu.edu\/directory\/jack-wang\/\">Jack Wang<\/a> and genome editing expert <a href=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/food-bioprocessing-and-nutrition-sciences\/people\/rbarran\/\">Rodolphe Barrangou<\/a> are <a href=\"https:\/\/magazine.ncsu.edu\/2025\/a-crispr-view\/\">developing trees<\/a> that are better for making paper and other wood products, cutting emissions and boosting sustainability for paper mills.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In another room, racks of hanging strawberry plants put out string-like runners that can be rooted and used to grow more strawberries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"926\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/strawberryrunners-926x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Greenhouse-grown strawberries with long runners\" class=\"wp-image-81169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/strawberryrunners-926x1024.jpg 926w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/strawberryrunners-271x300.jpg 271w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/strawberryrunners-768x849.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/strawberryrunners.jpg 1161w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 926px) 100vw, 926px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Horticultural scientist Mark Hoffmann has used the greenhouse to test the performance of strawberry plants grown indoors under tightly controlled conditions. Strawberry research is challenging because the plants are octoploids, meaning they have eight complete sets of chromosomes versus the two that humans have. At the Plant Sciences Building, Hoffmann and his team try to decode observable traits and link them to genetic differences among several strawberry cultivars. Their goal is to &nbsp;revolutionize strawberry propagation by minimizing pathogens that can kill plants or lower yields.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Associate Professor of <a href=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/horticultural-science\/\">Horticultural Science<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/horticultural-science\/people\/mhoffma3\/\">Mark Hoffmann<\/a> is researching new ways to propagate strawberry plants to minimize the spread of pathogens before they\u2019re shipped from nurseries to growers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Growing plants for this work requires precise control of light, humidity and other conditions.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Controlled Environments for Research Precision<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"832\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-at-controls-832x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Man manipulates an open control in a greenhouse \" class=\"wp-image-81183\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-at-controls-832x1024.jpg 832w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-at-controls-244x300.jpg 244w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-at-controls-768x945.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-at-controls-1248x1536.jpg 1248w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-at-controls.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Each bay in the greenhouse is individually controlled, helping ensure that experiments meet the researchers\u2019 needs for rigorous standards. Pictured: Mike Beddoe.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Shouting over the hum of fans, sprinklers and other equipment, Beddoe leads down the hall to a back office.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis is the brain for the entire greenhouse,\u201d Beddoe says, logging into a control system that lets them adjust the environment in each room according to researchers\u2019 needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/chamber-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"A control panel next to a shelf-lined room where seedlings grow\" class=\"wp-image-81191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/chamber-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/chamber-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/chamber-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/chamber.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Plant Sciences Building has 25 growth chambers of different sizes, where plants are grown for food, fiber and even erosion control.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The facility consists of 11 independently controlled greenhouse rooms spanning more than 10,000 square feet, as well as 25 plant growth chambers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sensors in each room continually monitor the temperature, soil moisture, CO<sub>2<\/sub> concentration and more.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The data are then sent to a central computer, where they\u2019re analyzed and compared against optimal standards before the system issues commands to, say, adjust the shade screens or turn on the misters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even the watering schedules are programmed in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe try to automate everything,\u201d Beddoe says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Safety First<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/biocontainment-area-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Man using a badge to get into a locked biosecurity lab\" class=\"wp-image-81193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/biocontainment-area-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/biocontainment-area-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/biocontainment-area-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/biocontainment-area.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The greenhouse&#8217;s BSL-3 greenhouse is one of only a few facilities nationwide designed to safely study plant pests and pathogens. The locked room is guarded by security cameras.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Wending his way past stacks of pots and vats of soil, Chiera leads to one of the more unique rooms on the fifth floor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s the biocontainment greenhouse, one of a few facilities nationwide designed to safely study agricultural pests and pathogens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Each year, farmers around the world <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41559-018-0793-y\">lose up to 40% of crops<\/a> they grow to pests and diseases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As new threats continue to emerge that could jeopardize global food security, NC&#160;State isn\u2019t taking any chances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So they\u2019ve turned one wing into a specialized, high-containment facility known as a <a href=\"https:\/\/aspr.hhs.gov\/S3\/Pages\/Biosafety-Level-Requirements.aspx\">biosafety level 3 lab<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Research here could be used to test treatments for crop diseases, for example, or develop fruits and vegetables with enhanced resistance to insect pests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The space itself is only accessible only to credentialed personnel, who work under the gaze of security cameras.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chiera steps through the self-closing doors and into an airlock where researchers suit up into gowns, gloves, face shields and other protective gear before entering the lab.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Comes Here, Stays Here<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/pipes-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"A row of water pipes with metal fittings line a wall\" class=\"wp-image-81195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/pipes-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/pipes-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/pipes-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/pipes.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Water is an invaluable resource for the greenhouse resource, and the Plant Sciences Building was built to capture and reuse as much as possible.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Everything from air and water handling to waste disposal is designed to make sure that what comes here, stays here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All the water discarded from the BSL-3 greenhouse goes down separate pipes and is boiled before leaving the facility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solid waste is treated in a special oven called an autoclave, which uses steam and pressure to ensure any microbes are dead before disposal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even the air is designed for safety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A negative pressure ventilation system creates directional air flow to prevent the escape of anything airborne, and all exhausted air is filtered before being released outside.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cSo if we&#8217;re dealing with a plant pathogen that produces spores, for example, it will capture those and not let them out,\u201d Chiera says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Supporting Diverse Research To Tough Challenges<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/woodley-in-greenhouse-1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Two people look at a a transparent plastic container used to measure emission of greenhouse gases.\" class=\"wp-image-81197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/woodley-in-greenhouse-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/woodley-in-greenhouse-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/woodley-in-greenhouse-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/woodley-in-greenhouse-1.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Alex Woodley (left) and Raine Lookabill study greenhouse gas emissions from soils in  the greenhouse as part of his efforts to find ways to lower them and mitigate their effects.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Back in the main corridor, Chiera and Beddoe make their way down the hall to their next meetings, passing thousands of lush green plants along the way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In one room, studies are underway on sweet potatoes. <a href=\"https:\/\/ece.ncsu.edu\/\">Electrical and Computer Engineering<\/a> Professor <a href=\"https:\/\/ece.ncsu.edu\/people\/wwang\/\">Wenye Wang<\/a> and her team are developing ways to help farmers monitor the starchy, swollen roots as they grow underground, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arxiv.org\/pdf\/2602.00418\">using low-cost Wi-Fi signals<\/a> (PDF) instead of pricey buried sensors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>in another room, NC&#160;State Professor <a href=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/entomology-and-plant-pathology\/people\/drotenb\/\">Dorith Rotenberg<\/a>, of the <a href=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/entomology-and-plant-pathology\/\">Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology<\/a>, is growing corn. The plants will eventually become dinner for insects such as planthoppers and aphids to eat, to better understand how these insects spread viruses that can stunt growth and reduce yields in one of the world\u2019s biggest crops.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Fan Favorite<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/grayson-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Greenhouse worker in lab coat examines plants\" class=\"wp-image-81198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/grayson-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/grayson-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/grayson-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/grayson.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Grayson Cothran tends plants in a popular greenhouse bay where students get a chance to tend a variety of plants and learn about greenhouse operations.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Beddoe pauses in front of a room at the far end of the hallway. \u201cThis is my favorite bay,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Inside, there are soybeans and banana trees soaking up the sun, cotton plants with their hibiscus-like blooms, even a genetically engineered petunia that looks like a plain white flower by day but glows by night, using bioluminescent mushroom genes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThese plants are mostly for our students,\u201d Beddoe explains. \u201cSo they can learn different ways to irrigate and propagate and stuff like that.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Always on Call<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-in-greenhouse-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Man struts through a greenhouse corridor.\" class=\"wp-image-81199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-in-greenhouse-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-in-greenhouse-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-in-greenhouse-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-in-greenhouse.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Beddoe wraps up one of his twice daily inspections at the greenhouse. Even after he heads home for the day, he\u2019s often on call. As he puts it, \u201cPlants never take vacations.\u201d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Beddoe will be back here before heading home, as part of his twice-daily inspections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s because keeping the greenhouse running still requires plenty of hands-on work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOne of us is always on call,\u201d says Beddoe, whose phone buzzes on evenings and weekends if anything needs attention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cPlants don\u2019t take vacations,\u201d he adds.<\/p>\n","protected":false,"raw":"<!-- wp:ncst\/dynamic-header {\"block\":\"ncst\/default-post-header\"} -->\n<!-- wp:ncst\/default-post-header {\"caption\":\"Grayson Cothran (left) and Mike Beddoe are with NC State's Phytotron, which operates two controlled environment plant laboratories, including the one at the top of the Plant Sciences Building.\",\"displayCategoryID\":108} \/-->\n<!-- \/wp:ncst\/dynamic-header -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>It takes a minute for the eyes to adjust as Joe Chiera and Mike Beddoe badge through the greenhouse doors at NC State University\u2019s Plant Sciences Building.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>It\u2019s so bright that at the entrance is a box of sunglasses.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cWhen the sun is shining on the white floor it\u2019s a bit like being snow blind,\u201d Beddoe says.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The 24-foot-tall glass and steel behemoth that sits atop the Centennial Campus building might look like an ordinary greenhouse.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":81161,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/plant-sciences-building-dedication-aerial-1_52000957538_o-1024x599.jpg\" alt=\"The five-story Plant Sciences Building features a 10,000-square-foot greenhouse on top.\" class=\"wp-image-81161\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The 10,000-square-foot Plant Sciences Building controlled environment lab features 11 greenhouse bays (top left) providing fully conditioned, under-glass growth environments for research.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>But inside the computer-controlled facility, researchers work year-round to tackle some of the biggest challenges farmers face from diseases, pests and extreme weather.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Plants for dozens of ever-changing research projects are grown here at any given time, all with different needs, requirements, growing times, and Chiera and Beddoe are responsible for overseeing them.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cWe serve the entire campus,\u201d Chiera says.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2>Growing Innovation<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:embed {\"url\":\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/1aL9IVvko8k\",\"type\":\"video\",\"providerNameSlug\":\"youtube\",\"responsive\":true,\"className\":\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/1aL9IVvko8k\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Jack Wang, of NC State\u2019s College of Natural Resources, describes the role the state-of-the-art greenhouse played in advancing research into more productive, sustainable and resilient CRISPR genome-edited trees. Positive results from the greenhouse led Wang to launch the first multiplex field trial of CRISPR-edited trees.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:embed -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Researchers in one room tend to rows of blue-green saplings. They\u2019re eucalyptus, the most widely planted hardwood pulp trees worldwide.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>By editing specific eucalyptus genes, NC State researchers like forestry professor<a href=\"https:\/\/cnr.ncsu.edu\/directory\/jack-wang\/\">Jack Wang<\/a> and genome editing expert <a href=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/food-bioprocessing-and-nutrition-sciences\/people\/rbarran\/\">Rodolphe Barrangou<\/a> are <a href=\"https:\/\/magazine.ncsu.edu\/2025\/a-crispr-view\/\">developing trees<\/a> that are better for making paper and other wood products, cutting emissions and boosting sustainability for paper mills.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In another room, racks of hanging strawberry plants put out string-like runners that can be rooted and used to grow more strawberries.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":81169,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/strawberryrunners-926x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Greenhouse-grown strawberries with long runners\" class=\"wp-image-81169\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Horticultural scientist Mark Hoffmann has used the greenhouse to test the performance of strawberry plants grown indoors under tightly controlled conditions. Strawberry research is challenging because the plants are octoploids, meaning they have eight complete sets of chromosomes versus the two that humans have. At the Plant Sciences Building, Hoffmann and his team try to decode observable traits and link them to genetic differences among several strawberry cultivars. Their goal is to &nbsp;revolutionize strawberry propagation by minimizing pathogens that can kill plants or lower yields.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Associate Professor of <a href=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/horticultural-science\/\">Horticultural Science<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/horticultural-science\/people\/mhoffma3\/\">Mark Hoffmann<\/a> is researching new ways to propagate strawberry plants to minimize the spread of pathogens before they\u2019re shipped from nurseries to growers.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Growing plants for this work requires precise control of light, humidity and other conditions.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2>Controlled Environments for Research Precision<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":81183,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-at-controls-832x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Man manipulates an open control in a greenhouse \" class=\"wp-image-81183\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Each bay in the greenhouse is individually controlled, helping ensure that experiments meet the researchers\u2019 needs for rigorous standards. Pictured: Mike Beddoe.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Shouting over the hum of fans, sprinklers and other equipment, Beddoe leads down the hall to a back office.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cThis is the brain for the entire greenhouse,\u201d Beddoe says, logging into a control system that lets them adjust the environment in each room according to researchers\u2019 needs.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":81191,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/chamber-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"A control panel next to a shelf-lined room where seedlings grow\" class=\"wp-image-81191\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Plant Sciences Building has 25 growth chambers of different sizes, where plants are grown for food, fiber and even erosion control.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The facility consists of 11 independently controlled greenhouse rooms spanning more than 10,000 square feet, as well as 25 plant growth chambers.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Sensors in each room continually monitor the temperature, soil moisture, CO<sub>2<\/sub> concentration and more.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The data are then sent to a central computer, where they\u2019re analyzed and compared against optimal standards before the system issues commands to, say, adjust the shade screens or turn on the misters.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Even the watering schedules are programmed in.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cWe try to automate everything,\u201d Beddoe says.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2>Safety First<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":81193,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/biocontainment-area-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Man using a badge to get into a locked biosecurity lab\" class=\"wp-image-81193\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The greenhouse's BSL-3 greenhouse is one of only a few facilities nationwide designed to safely study plant pests and pathogens. The locked room is guarded by security cameras.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Wending his way past stacks of pots and vats of soil, Chiera leads to one of the more unique rooms on the fifth floor.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>It\u2019s the biocontainment greenhouse, one of a few facilities nationwide designed to safely study agricultural pests and pathogens.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Each year, farmers around the world <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41559-018-0793-y\">lose up to 40% of crops<\/a> they grow to pests and diseases.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>As new threats continue to emerge that could jeopardize global food security, NC State isn\u2019t taking any chances.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>So they\u2019ve turned one wing into a specialized, high-containment facility known as a <a href=\"https:\/\/aspr.hhs.gov\/S3\/Pages\/Biosafety-Level-Requirements.aspx\">biosafety level 3 lab<\/a>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Research here could be used to test treatments for crop diseases, for example, or develop fruits and vegetables with enhanced resistance to insect pests.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The space itself is only accessible only to credentialed personnel, who work under the gaze of security cameras.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Chiera steps through the self-closing doors and into an airlock where researchers suit up into gowns, gloves, face shields and other protective gear before entering the lab.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2>What Comes Here, Stays Here<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":81195,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/pipes-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"A row of water pipes with metal fittings line a wall\" class=\"wp-image-81195\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Water is an invaluable resource for the greenhouse resource, and the Plant Sciences Building was built to capture and reuse as much as possible.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Everything from air and water handling to waste disposal is designed to make sure that what comes here, stays here.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>All the water discarded from the BSL-3 greenhouse goes down separate pipes and is boiled before leaving the facility.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Solid waste is treated in a special oven called an autoclave, which uses steam and pressure to ensure any microbes are dead before disposal.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Even the air is designed for safety.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>A negative pressure ventilation system creates directional air flow to prevent the escape of anything airborne, and all exhausted air is filtered before being released outside.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cSo if we're dealing with a plant pathogen that produces spores, for example, it will capture those and not let them out,\u201d Chiera says.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2>Supporting Diverse Research To Tough Challenges<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":81197,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/woodley-in-greenhouse-1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Two people look at a a transparent plastic container used to measure emission of greenhouse gases.\" class=\"wp-image-81197\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Alex Woodley (left) and Raine Lookabill study greenhouse gas emissions from soils in  the greenhouse as part of his efforts to find ways to lower them and mitigate their effects.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Back in the main corridor, Chiera and Beddoe make their way down the hall to their next meetings, passing thousands of lush green plants along the way.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In one room, studies are underway on sweet potatoes. <a href=\"https:\/\/ece.ncsu.edu\/\">Electrical and Computer Engineering<\/a> Professor <a href=\"https:\/\/ece.ncsu.edu\/people\/wwang\/\">Wenye Wang<\/a> and her team are developing ways to help farmers monitor the starchy, swollen roots as they grow underground, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arxiv.org\/pdf\/2602.00418\">using low-cost Wi-Fi signals<\/a> (PDF) instead of pricey buried sensors.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>in another room, NC State Professor <a href=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/entomology-and-plant-pathology\/people\/drotenb\/\">Dorith Rotenberg<\/a>, of the <a href=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/entomology-and-plant-pathology\/\">Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology<\/a>, is growing corn. The plants will eventually become dinner for insects such as planthoppers and aphids to eat, to better understand how these insects spread viruses that can stunt growth and reduce yields in one of the world\u2019s biggest crops.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2>A Fan Favorite<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":81198,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/grayson-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Greenhouse worker in lab coat examines plants\" class=\"wp-image-81198\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Grayson Cothran tends plants in a popular greenhouse bay where students get a chance to tend a variety of plants and learn about greenhouse operations.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Beddoe pauses in front of a room at the far end of the hallway. \u201cThis is my favorite bay,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Inside, there are soybeans and banana trees soaking up the sun, cotton plants with their hibiscus-like blooms, even a genetically engineered petunia that looks like a plain white flower by day but glows by night, using bioluminescent mushroom genes.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cThese plants are mostly for our students,\u201d Beddoe explains. \u201cSo they can learn different ways to irrigate and propagate and stuff like that.\u201d<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2>Always on Call<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":81199,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2026\/03\/beddoe-in-greenhouse-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Man struts through a greenhouse corridor.\" class=\"wp-image-81199\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Beddoe wraps up one of his twice daily inspections at the greenhouse. Even after he heads home for the day, he\u2019s often on call. As he puts it, \u201cPlants never take vacations.\u201d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Beddoe will be back here before heading home, as part of his twice-daily inspections.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>That\u2019s because keeping the greenhouse running still requires plenty of hands-on work.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cOne of us is always on call,\u201d says Beddoe, whose phone buzzes on evenings and weekends if anything needs attention.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cPlants don\u2019t take vacations,\u201d he adds.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->"},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From the outside, the steel-and-glass structure on top of NC State\u2019s Plant Sciences Building looks like an ordinary greenhouse, but inside the computer-controlled facility, researchers work year-round to tackle big agricultural challenges.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":81167,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"source":"","ncst_custom_author":"Robin Ann Smith","ncst_show_custom_author":true,"ncst_dynamicHeaderBlockName":"ncst\/default-post-header","ncst_dynamicHeaderData":"{\"caption\":\"Grayson Cothran (left) and Mike Beddoe are with NC State's Phytotron, which operates two controlled environment plant laboratories, including the one at the top of the Plant Sciences Building.\",\"displayCategoryID\":108,\"showAuthor\":true,\"showDate\":true,\"showFeaturedVideo\":false}","ncst_content_audit_freq":"","ncst_content_audit_date":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[108,110,177,109,114],"tags":[],"_ncst_magazine_issue":[],"class_list":["post-81159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faculty","category-nc-psi","category-newswire","category-plant-sciences-building","category-research"],"displayCategory":{"term_id":108,"name":"Faculty","slug":"faculty","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":108,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":165,"filter":"raw"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81159"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81159\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":81814,"href":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81159\/revisions\/81814"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/81167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=81159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=81159"},{"taxonomy":"_ncst_magazine_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cals.ncsu.edu\/psi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/_ncst_magazine_issue?post=81159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}